れる · られる
- auxiliary verb, ichidan verb, ～れる connects to -nai stem of 五段 verbs and to サ変 as さ～れる; ～られる connects to -nai stem of 一段 and カ変 verbs and to サ変 as せ～られる indicates passive voice (incl. the "suffering passive")
- no imperative form, not used on 五段 in modern speech indicates the potential form
- no imperative form indicates spontaneous occurrence
- honorific, no imperative form used as an honorific for others' actions