挑 challenge, contend for, make love to 9 strokes jōyō, taught in secondary school old JLPT 1 #989 in newspapers Readings Onチョウ Kunいど.む In Chinese 挑 Words written with it 挑戦 ちょうせん challenge N1 挑発 ちょうはつ provocation 挑む いどむ to challenge to (a fight, game, etc.) N1 初挑戦 はつちょうせん first challenge 挑発的 ちょうはつてき provocative